Introduction: The Servant in Isaiah 53 is King Messiah, Son of David, not collective Israel
Isaiah 53 (King James Version)
Isaiah 53
1 Who hath believed our report? and to whom is the arm of the LORD revealed?
2 For he shall grow up before him as a tender plant, and as a root out of a dry ground: he hath no form nor comeliness; and when we shall see him, there is no beauty that we should desire him.
3 He is despised and rejected of men; a man of sorrows, and acquainted with grief: and we hid as it were our faces from him; he was despised, and we esteemed him not.
4 Surely he hath borne our griefs, and carried our sorrows: yet we did esteem him stricken, smitten of God, and afflicted.
5 But he was wounded for our transgressions, he was bruised for our iniquities: the chastisement of our peace was upon him; and with his stripes we are healed.
6 All we like sheep have gone astray; we have turned every one to his own way; and the LORD hath laid on him the iniquity of us all.
7 He was oppressed, and he was afflicted, yet he opened not his mouth: he is brought as a lamb to the slaughter, and as a sheep before her shearers is dumb, so he openeth not his mouth.
8 He was taken from prison and from judgment: and who shall declare his generation? for he was cut off out of the land of the living: for the transgression of my people was he stricken.
9 And he made his grave with the wicked, and with the rich in his death; because he had done no violence, neither was any deceit in his mouth.
10 Yet it pleased the LORD to bruise him; he hath put him to grief: when thou shalt make his soul an offering for sin, he shall see his seed, he shall prolong his days, and the pleasure of the LORD shall prosper in his hand.
11 He shall see of the travail of his soul, and shall be satisfied: by his knowledge shall my righteous servant justify many; for he shall bear their iniquities.
12 Therefore will I divide him a portion with the great, and he shall divide the spoil with the strong; because he hath poured out his soul unto death: and he was numbered with the transgressors; and he bare the sin of many, and made intercession for the transgressors.
Isaiah was written generations before the Babylonian exile. Isaiah is thought to have died around 680 B.C.
The definition of the Servant in Isaiah 53 is revealed in Ezekiel, over 100 years later during the time of the Exile itself.
Ezekiel 37:21-25
Ezekiel 37:21 And say unto them, Thus saith the Lord G-D; Behold, I will take the children of Israel from among the heathen, whither they be gone, and will gather them on every side, and bring them into their own land:
22 And I will make them one nation in the land upon the mountains of Israel; and one king shall be king to them all: and they shall be no more two nations, neither shall they be divided into two kingdoms any more at all.
23 Neither shall they defile themselves any more with their idols, nor with their detestable things, nor with any of their transgressions: but I will save them out of all their dwelling places, wherein they have sinned, and will cleanse them: so shall they be my people, and I will be their G-D.
24 And David my Servant shall be king over them; and they all shall have one shepherd: they shall also walk in my judgments, and observe my statutes, and do them.
25 And they shall dwell in the land that I have given unto Jacob my servant, wherein your fathers have dwelt; and they shall dwell therein, even they, and their children, and their children's children for ever: and My Servant David shall be their prince for ever.
Luke in chapter 1, identifies through the angel Gabriel, that this Servant David who eternally sits on the throne is: "JESUS. He shall be great, and shall be called the Son of the Highest: and the L-RD G-D shall give unto Him the throne of His father David: And He shall reign over the house of Jacob for ever; and of His kingdom there shall be no end."
Isaiah was not writing his book according to the context of an Assyrian Invasion and other events of his day psychological trauma. Yet, in some ways, when a prophecy becomes too fantastic or too much a revelation confirming Yeshua/Jesus, this is the same old tired tactic of unbelief that is employed to dismiss Christ...keep the prophecy and fulfillment locked within a tight time frame of the past,and take away the miraculousness of the foretelling...but this liberalism and unbelief technique of interpretation is also flawed and full of obvious inconsistencies.
For example: If the term "L'Rabiym" / "for many" of Isaiah 53:11, and "Rabiym" of Isaiah 53:12 is revealed in Daniel 9:27 as Israel and the nations combined (which the singular man-servant David of Ezekiel 37:25 must be the same prince in Daniel 9:24-27, and yet saves in Isaiah 53:11,12) ...then it is imperative that the Biblical context given to us by G-D in Scripture and the Prophets is that Isaiah 53's prophecy, even during the Babylonian exile, concerns a singular Davidic Messiah who also shall be cut off to save and make atonement of the world. This fact is absorbed in the allowance of letting Daniel 9:27 define who the "L'Rabiym" are, and comparing Daniel 9:24,26 with Isaiah 53:8,12 and 52:15.
Since the Servant of Isaiah 53 is defined by and through Daniel and Ezekiel, G-D Himself therefore employs two witnesses to define the linguistic context of Isaiah 53"s "Servant".
A simple examination of the historical context, even in the Babylonian exilic period, shows that Daniel projects this Isaiah 53 Messiah who will atone for the sins of "the many" (Israel and the nations) as being 70 weeks of years further out from his day. Had Daniel meant 70 literal weeks, Daniel would have revealed this Messiah prior to Judah's emancipation in circa 536 B.C., and we would have known his identity in Ezra, Nehemiah, and from that day to this...because that Davidic King and Messiah must conquer death, and have the final right to rule forever (Ezekiel 37:25). That is, there can be no kings as successors after him.
When the Bible tells us: "...they shall smite the Judge of Israel with a rod upon the cheek. [cf. Zech 13:7, Matthew 26:31]
{and}
...he come forth unto me that is to be ruler in Israel; whose goings forth have been from of old, from everlasting. And he shall stand and feed in the strength of the L-RD, in the majesty of the name of the L-RD his G-D; and they shall abide: for now shall he be made great and continually keep growing great unto the ends of the earth." Micah 5:1b, 2b-c, 4 Cf. Zechariah 6:12-13
We see that the L-RD is both King (Psalm 98:6) and Messiah, and is identified for us by His Name Yeshua (I Samuel 2:10b, 2:35, 12:5, 16:6; especially also ever Passover via Psalm 116:13 {the cup of Yeshua/Jesus = the Name of YHVeH}; and Psalm 98:3 with Revelation 1:7, Isaiah 52:10).
In that Day, when every eye shall see Him, He shall reveal the extent of His suffering as testified in Isaiah 53, for:
14 As many were astonied at thee; his visage was so marred more than any man, and his form more than the sons of men:
15 So shall he sprinkle many nations; the kings shall shut their mouths at him: for that which had not been told them shall they see; and that which they had not heard shall they consider. (Isaiah 52:14-15)
We shall see first hand, then, what it means for the L-RD Messhiach (Lamentations 4:20, Genesis 2:7) to truly "bear iniquities" for others (Isaiah 53:4-6,10-12), then.
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(Isaiah 53 Hebrew from The Westminster Leningrad Codex)
ישעה 53
1 מִ֥י הֶאֱמִ֖ין לִשְׁמֻעָתֵ֑נוּ וּזְרֹ֥ועַ יְהוָ֖ה עַל־מִ֥י נִגְלָֽתָה׃
"Who has believed our report, and the Arm of the L-RD to whom is revealed?"
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Rashi comments:
Who has believed our report So will the nations say to one another, Were we to hear from others what we see, it would be unbelievable.
The arm of the Lord like this, with greatness and glory, to whom was it revealed until now?
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In the Hebrew, in contrast to Rashi, how will it really be expounded into the English for us?
"Who...{then we read aman in the hiphil perfect}...will be brought about to be made certain, so as to believe."
In other words, "who has repented, or been brought about, so as to believe?"
"...our report." {uses the word shemua / sh'ma, that news which they are supposed to hear - listen intently to - obey}.
"...And the strength or ARM {v'zeroa} of the L-RD,
to whom is... {then we read gala in the niphil perfect}...
is revealed, uncovered, apocalypsed and made visible (so as they also know what they are seeing)...{or in regard to the ears, unstopped, and made audible so as to clearly be able to hear and understand}?
Therefore: in regard to bible study understanding purposes, we read -
"Who is to repent, so as to be brought about and be made certain and believe -- having intently listened to, heard, and obeyed our report?
And to whom is the ARM of the L-RD unveiled,
uncovered,
apocalypsed
and made visible to an understanding eye,
or heard and understood by the unstopped ear?"
(Isaiah 53:1, translation for word study and intent only, mine, using word pictures and reiterations from the Hebrew)
By the same expanded and reiterated analysis, let us continue:
2 וַיַּ֨עַל כַּיֹּונֵ֜ק לְפָנָ֗יו וְכַשֹּׁ֙רֶשׁ֙ מֵאֶ֣רֶץ צִיָּ֔ה לֹא־תֹ֥אַר לֹ֖ו וְלֹ֣א הָדָ֑ר וְנִרְאֵ֥הוּ וְלֹֽא־מַרְאֶ֖ה וְנֶחְמְדֵֽהוּ׃
Isaiah 53:2 "For He comes up as a shoot before Him,
and as a deep root of the depths out of ground, dry.
Not a form to Him,
and not majesty that we should see
notice
look at closely
inspect Him,
and not an appearance that we should desire."
(Isaiah 53:2, translation for word study and intent only, mine, using word pictures and reiterations from the Hebrew)
3 נִבְזֶה֙ וַחֲדַ֣ל אִישִׁ֔ים אִ֥ישׁ מַכְאֹבֹ֖ות וִיד֣וּעַ חֹ֑לִי וּכְמַסְתֵּ֤ר פָּנִים֙ מִמֶּ֔נּוּ נִבְזֶ֖ה וְלֹ֥א חֲשַׁבְנֻֽהוּ׃
Isaiah 53:3 - Despised with contempt as having little worth
and rejected as fat and short-lived,
abandoned of men;
a man of heartbreaking sorrow,
grief,
the pains of affliction;
and known of those being sick,
wounded
or faint.
And loftily hiding against (were the) faces from Him, being despised with contempt as having little worth,
and not did we imagine,
count,
or impute Him as having a value.
(Isaiah 53:3, translation for word study and intent only, mine, using word pictures and reiterations from the Hebrew)
Targum Jonathan Isaiah 53:3
"Then He [My Servant, the Messhiach] will become despised,
and will cut off the glory of all the Kingdoms;
they will be prostrate and mourning,
like a man of pains, and like one destined for sickness;
and as though the Presence of the Shekinah had been withdrawn from us, they will be despised, and esteemed not."
The Targums are those works in which the Hebrew is reverted back to Aramaic. The writers of the Targums have no problems in INSERTING words into the Scripture to explain it after a particular interpretation.
We see this also in texts such as Exodus 1 of its predecessor Targum Onkelos, for example, which will place "and the Egyptians" after the word used for "Egypt".
Because of this, while Targums could be read in synagogue from Babylonia about the 300s onward, it was never accepted as a translation of Holy Scripture, but hovered somewhere as an enlightened work of some sort. Rabbis were sure to make a distinguishing between the Torah, and the Onkelos translation. Torah was definitely Holy...Onkelos (an Aramaic altered version of Torah) was "eh",and "so-so" as it were. And if they viewed Onkelos this way, the same is said for Jonathan on Isaiah 53.
The Babylonian Talmud states:
"Those who devote themselves to reading the Bible exercise a certain virtue, but not very much; those who study the Mishna exercise virtue for which they will receive a reward; those, however, who take upon themselves to study the Gemara [commentary on Mishna compiled in 230 A.D.] exercise the highest virtue." Bava Metsia 33a
Later, there were rabbis looking through the Scriptures looking for "code words", as if to prove Targums went back into antiquity. The Talmud has a couple decisions in which it is claimed that one lone word was used as such by Ezra to reference to a Targum that Ezra personally made in his day. And even if Ezra did, guess what...he never, ever, passed it on. But this is used by example, to help show how the rabbinate began to turn to quackery, because as doctor's of the law, they held their own personal opinions in higher esteem than the Word of G-D...especially Torah, Nevi'im, and Ketuvim.
In the 400s and 500s, there is the first suggestion that maybe...in one verse out of 13 verses, of the whole chapter of Isaiah 53, maybe that verse was referring to Israel and not just Messiah. This was not grasped upon until the time of Rashi, another 600 years later in the 11th Century A.D. Therefore, I ask...why did it take another 600 plus years to develop even the notion of a nation of Israel in that one allusion in passing in one verse of Isaiah 53, unless it was wrong? Today, fearing mass conversions to Jesus, the rabbinate has made the ridiculous claim that "voila", the Servant in Isaiah is almost always suffering Israel, even when Israel is filthy in its sins, it suddenly can now be the perfect sacrifice for itself to purity in contradiction to whatever G-D might say in Isaiah or anywhere else!
In the above example of Targum Jonathan, the rabbis viewed the "they" as those of the "kingdoms". The rabbis of the first millennia appear to have accepted the singular "he" to refer to a "person" or "king messiah" and suffering servant Messiah of HASHEM, NOT a whole nation.
In the Babylonian Talmud: Sanhedrin 98a
R. Hama b. Hanina said: The son of David will not come until even the pettiest kingdom ceases over Israel....
Ze'iri said in R. Hanina's name: The son of David will not come until there are no conceited men in Israel.... Hence ruling out Israel as the innocent suffering Messiah.
R. Simlai said in the name of R. Eleazar, son of R. Simeon: The son of David will not come until all judges and officers are gone from Israel....
Sanhedrin 98b
R. Joseph said: Let him come, and may I be worthy of sitting in the shadow of his ass's saddle.
...Rab said: The world was created only on David's account . Samuel said: On Moses account; R. Johanan said: For the sake of the Messiah. What is his name? — The School of R. Shila said: His name is Shiloh, for it is written, until Shiloh come. The School of R. Yannai said: His name is Yinnon, for it is written, His name shall endure for ever: e'er the sun was, his name is Yinnon.
The School of R. Haninah maintained: His name is Haninah, as it is written, Where I will not give you Haninah. Others say: His name is Menahem the son of Hezekiah, for it is written, Because Menahem ['the comforter'], that would relieve my soul,
is far. The Rabbis said: His name is 'the leper scholar,' as it is written, Surely he hath borne our griefs, and carried our sorrows: yet we did esteem him a leper, smitten of God, and afflicted. (Cf. Isaiah 53:4)
Even the Babylonian Talmud, held in high esteem as virtually complete in discussion and wisdom by the rabinate (though I and most of Christianity do not concur) refutes the "all Israel is Messiah" nonsense to those anti-missionaries who wish to spring this nonsense in refutation of their True King Messiah, Jesus Christ. Notice that only the identity of an "individual" is sought for in Sanhedrin 98a and 98b: an individual of the lineage of David who will come and be revealed to the nation of Israel. Rabbi Joseph meant one person on one animal, and sitting in the shadow of that one special Zechariah 9:9 (cf. Matthew 21:1-11) animal. Hence, any alteration of Isaiah 53 from a King Messiah to an "all Israel" approach is blasphemy on the order of eternal damnation in order to just deny Yeshua as the obvious and true Messhiach.
Isaiah 53 (Hebrew from Westminster Leningrad Codex - public domain)
4 אָכֵ֤ן חֳלָיֵ֙נוּ֙ ה֣וּא נָשָׂ֔א וּמַכְאֹבֵ֖ינוּ סְבָלָ֑ם וַאֲנַ֣חְנוּ חֲשַׁבְנֻ֔הוּ נָג֛וּעַ מֻכֵּ֥ה אֱלֹהִ֖ים וּמְעֻנֶּֽה׃
Isaiah 53:4 Truly indeed our sicknesses and diseases He has lifted up and carried (away), and our mental and physical anguish (He) bore the burdens (for):
yet we did make a judgment so as to imagine and count Him stricken as with a blow by a plague or disease,
slain / killed by G-D,
and so answered.
(Isaiah 53:4, translation for word study and intent only, mine, using word pictures and reiterations from the Hebrew)
5 וְהוּא֙ מְחֹלָ֣ל מִפְּשָׁעֵ֔נוּ מְדֻכָּ֖א מֵעֲוֹנֹתֵ֑ינוּ מוּסַ֤ר שְׁלֹומֵ֙נוּ֙ עָלָ֔יו וּבַחֲבֻרָתֹ֖ו נִרְפָּא־לָֽנוּ׃
Isaiah 53:5 But He was fatally bored through and pierced for our rebellions, revolts and transgressions;
He was crushed emotionally and spiritually, being humbled for our deviations, perversions and guilts:
both the rod of discipline and the oral instruction of
our soundness in mind, body, and spirit / our peace, was upon him;
and with his heaped upon and united blows and stripes we are healed ourselves.
(Isaiah 53:5, translation for word study and intent only, mine, using word pictures and reiterations from the Hebrew)
6 כֻּלָּ֙נוּ֙ כַּצֹּ֣אן תָּעִ֔ינוּ אִ֥ישׁ לְדַרְכֹּ֖ו פָּנִ֑ינוּ וַֽיהוָה֙ הִפְגִּ֣יעַ בֹּ֔ו אֵ֖ת עֲוֹ֥ן כֻּלָּֽנוּ׃
Isaiah 53:6 All we like a flock of sheep and goats go staggering, erring, and wandering astray;
and every one to his own way have we turned the face; and the L-RD hath marked, laid, and killed in Him the deviations, perversions, guilts, the iniquity of us all.
(Isaiah 53:6, translation for word study and intent only, mine, using word pictures and reiterations from the Hebrew)
Compare this to Leviticus 16:21: “Then shall lay Aaron his two hands on the head of the living goat, and shall confess over it ALL THE INIQUITIES of the sons of Israel, and ALL THEIR TRANSGRESSIONS, and ALL THEIR SINS, and shall put them [all their diseases and infirmities] on the head of the goat, and shall send by the hand of a man CHOSEN AS TIMELY AND READY AND MADE AVAILABLE NOW into the wilderness.”
In effect, the iniquities are marked, laid upon, and killed IN the Escapegoat. The Escapegoat itself is innocent of Israel's sins...and yet still dies to successfully atone for Israel.
Jesus, like the Escape Goat, was not only physically bored through by nails and whips, he also suffered all that Isaiah 53 tells us He would. In Jesus alone, we see the fulfillment of Leviticus 16's Escape Goat and Yom Kippur Sacrifice, who bears the iniquities and diseases of not only all Israel, but the whole of humanity...the whole world, once and for ALL eternity.
7 נִגַּ֨שׂ וְה֣וּא נַעֲנֶה֮ וְלֹ֣א יִפְתַּח־פִּיו֒ כַּשֶּׂה֙ לַטֶּ֣בַח יוּבָ֔ל וּכְרָחֵ֕ל לִפְנֵ֥י גֹזְזֶ֖יהָ נֶאֱלָ֑מָה וְלֹ֥א יִפְתַּ֖ח פִּֽיו׃
Isaiah 53:7 He was oppressed (with near to violent rulers who acted upon Him) with demanding and exacting pressure ,
and He was in humility and poverty in (the) affliction,
yet but not at all did He open His mouth:
as a lamb to the slaughtering,
trumpeted like a stream He was led,
and as an ewe before her shearers is silent and binded,
so He opens not his mouth.
(Isaiah 53:7, translation for word study and intent only, mine, using word pictures and reiterations from the Hebrew)
8 מֵעֹ֤צֶר וּמִמִּשְׁפָּט֙ לֻקָּ֔ח וְאֶת־דֹּורֹ֖ו מִ֣י יְשֹׂוחֵ֑חַ כִּ֤י נִגְזַר֙ מֵאֶ֣רֶץ חַיִּ֔ים מִפֶּ֥שַׁע עַמִּ֖י נֶ֥גַע לָֽמֹו׃
Isaiah 53:8
From being pressed upon,
seized,
taken hold of,
restrained,
held back,
and sufferring barren/naked oppression;
and from justice and the court of Law and the one judging [having rulership over the Congregation of Israel in his office] He was taken:
and the circle of His lifetime,
who shall rehearse over the matter,
consider,
muse and speak upon,
and (even) cause-for-complaining about it?
for He was cut off, parted and separated from out of the land of the undead lives living: for the rebellions, revolts and transgressions of my people the physical blow and (even) controversy (like a plague or disease) was to Him.
(Isaiah 53:8, translation for word study and intent only, mine, using word pictures and reiterations from the Hebrew)
9 וַיִּתֵּ֤ן אֶת־רְשָׁעִים֙ קִבְרֹ֔ו וְאֶת־עָשִׁ֖יר בְּמֹתָ֑יו עַ֚ל לֹא־חָמָ֣ס עָשָׂ֔ה וְלֹ֥א מִרְמָ֖ה בְּפִֽיו׃
Isaiah 53:9
And He was perennially rewarded (by) being put and set with the criminally and greedily wicked;
His sepulcher/tomb,
(was associated) with a man made materially rich by deeds and accomplishments,
as one executed or killed (now) in the realm of the dead;
though no wrongful,
corrupt,
oppressive,
or malicious violence He had done;
and neither (was) any falsifying deceit or treachery in His mouth.
(Isaiah 53:9, translation for word study and intent only, mine, using word pictures and reiterations from the Hebrew)
10 וַיהוָ֞ה חָפֵ֤ץ דַּכְּאֹו֙ הֶֽחֱלִ֔י אִם־תָּשִׂ֤ים אָשָׁם֙ נַפְשֹׁ֔ו יִרְאֶ֥ה זֶ֖רַע יַאֲרִ֣יךְ יָמִ֑ים וְחֵ֥פֶץ יְהוָ֖ה בְּיָדֹ֥ו יִצְלָֽח׃
Isaiah 53:10
And the L-RD joyfully delighted taking pleasure in emotionally and spiritually crushing Him;
to make Him physically beaten,
wounded
and mentally anguished with the sickness of grief:
if He shall bring to ruins and devastations
as a pouring falling noise a sin,
tresspass,
guilt offering for the sin of others His soul,
He shall see with the eyes to look on and inspect the action of [His] sowing seed or offspring,
[i.e., He shall behold the Harvest of that which He has sown by pouring out His soul into ruins in atoning for them],
he shall make long his days,
and joyfully delighted taking pleasure the L-RD His Hand shall prosper.
(Isaiah 53:10, translation for word study and intent only, mine, using word pictures and reiterations from the Hebrew)
The Hand of the L-RD, King Messiah, shall be killed, but shall resurrect unto eternal life, see with the eyes and inspect the Harvest of His pouring out His soul unto death, and be joyfully delighted and taking pleasure in His saints, those who will come to believe and trust into Him and what He did just before and at the Cross.
A couple words of interest in this verse:
[dakau] - the crushing in context to Messiah is emotional and spiritual. Cf. Psalm 51:8, verse 10 in the Hebrew.
[H'holi] - Proverbs 23:35, 2 Kings 1:2, 8:29 and 2 Chronicles 18:33, 35:23 - ascribe the condition of physical beating, fall and battle wounds. Jesus was beaten by the open hand, 400-600 blows to the head {the beatings}; beaten by the Cat-and-nine-tails Roman whip {instrument of duplicating battle wounds}; and fell repeatedly on the way to Calvary, so that Simon the Cyrene was kicked about with the knees at the half-way point to help take up Jesus' Cross}. Isaiah 17:11 and Amos 6:6, by example, refer to the non-physical afflictions.
[em-Teshuim] - read as the pluralization of Teshua. A noise in Isaiah 22:2. As Shoa for the root word, pluralized, it means ruins and devastations, including the pourings and fallings of storms in Proverbs 1:27 and Ezekiel 38:9.
[Zera]
Leviticus 19:19 uses “mingled” seed, and Deuteronomy 22:9 “diverse” seed in the KJV translation. In Torah, there is the instruction to not plant fields with two kinds of zera (seed). Jesus addresses this aspect of the prophecy in His parable of the Wheat and the Tares in Matthew 13:24-30 (cf. vv. 1-23 for context).
The wheat is the good zera, and the tares are the bad zera. These both refer to people in the parable.
In the ProtoSemitic (pre-586 B.C. Hebrew inclusive), the word zera is a composite from two words: one means to sow (zr), the other to scatter (drw). The Ugaritic interprets (drw) as that which is dry and exhibits the qualities of that which is dead. Zr appears to exhibit qualities involving moisture and life, or life supporting (or a thought along those lines). Hence, drw is like the tares and even the chaff, and zr is likened to wheat seed that can be planted and "reproduce lives" 30-60-100 fold, perhaps even allegorically, faith.
John the Baptist spoke of stones that could be raised up as zera to Abraham (Matthew 3:9).
Judaism also teaches that those of the Gentiles who convert as Noachides (non-Jewish converts to Judaism) are as “zera” unto Abraham, in the spiritual sense, though not physically until after circumcision, etc.; so that their children (at least) might be grafted in as if physically Jewish. That is, the next generation...the children, not previously Jewish, now can be “by faith” as though the zera of Israel.
"He shall make long his days" Yaarich yamim.
The verb Ya’ARiYK of Isaiah 53:10 is comparable to L’AReK of Psalm 23:6, which means not only of the length of days in this life, but the forever of the world to come (in that verse). By implication, it speaks of the Resurrection, and affirms the prophecies of Ezekiel 37:25 and the proclamation by Gabriel in Luke 1:31-33.
In Psalm 91:16,
"With long life will I satisfy him, and shew him my salvation."
the dwelling of the secret place of the Most High (i.e., Heaven) in verse 1,
"He that dwelleth in the secret place of the most High shall abide under the shadow of the Almighty."
is given an application of being set on high in the world to come, and a length of days comparable to Isaiah 53:10…forever, once beyond the grave. Jesus died and rose again from the dead; hence, He qualifies as fulfilling this requirement of Scripture: be it also inferred or stated elsewhere in the Torah, the Writings, or the Prophets of the Tanakh as well.
11 מֵעֲמַ֤ל נַפְשֹׁו֙ יִרְאֶ֣ה יִשְׂבָּ֔ע בְּדַעְתֹּ֗ו יַצְדִּ֥יק צַדִּ֛יק עַבְדִּ֖י לָֽרַבִּ֑ים וַעֲוֹנֹתָ֖ם ה֥וּא יִסְבֹּֽל׃
"Of the labor, toiling, suffering
of His soul
He seeing shall see
and shall be satisfied in fullness and plenty[as to the satiating of His soul]
by His distinguishing and intimate acquaintant knowledge
shall lawfully justify and righteousify freely
My just - lawful - Righteous Servant
for a great many (for many lengths / long times)
and their deviations, perversions, and guilts
He shall bear the load to transport, carrying (them) away."
(Isaiah 53:11, translation for word study and intent only, mine, using word pictures and reiterations from the Hebrew)
The Temple Sacrifices do not infer "free" sacrifices, and even the poor were required to pay and purchase animals (including birds) and exchange a payment for sacrifice and service by the Kohen.
In contrast, the righteousifying done by the Righteous Servant, the King Messiah, requires such an inclusion of redemption as free righteousifying...without money, without price (e.g., Isaiah 52:3, 55:1) to the one being redeemed...in the translation of the Hebrew words in respective their word pictures.
12 לָכֵ֞ן אֲחַלֶּק־לֹ֣ו בָרַבִּ֗ים וְאֶת־עֲצוּמִים֮ יְחַלֵּ֣ק שָׁלָל֒ תַּ֗חַת אֲשֶׁ֨ר הֶעֱרָ֤ה לַמָּ֙וֶת֙ נַפְשֹׁ֔ו וְאֶת־פֹּשְׁעִ֖ים נִמְנָ֑ה וְהוּא֙ חֵטְא־רַבִּ֣ים נָשָׂ֔א וְלַפֹּשְׁעִ֖ים יַפְגִּֽיעַ׃
“Thus, I will allot, apportion, assign to Him
with the great many [with many lengths / long times] great and mighty (ones);
He shall divide the spoil / plunder / booty
because / in exchange for who
He poured out and made bare to death His soul
and with transgressors, and with those who rebel or revolt,
was counted, numbered, appointed, portioned.
and He, the sin [those who experience the failure to live up to expectations or to respect others, those who miss and fall short of a mark or standard]
of a great many
bore, lifting up, carrying and taking away;
and for the rebellions, transgressions, revolts
made entreaties and intercessions.”
(Isaiah 53:12, translation for word study and intent only, mine, using word pictures and reiterations from the Hebrew)
Isaiah 53 (King James Version)
Isaiah 53
1 Who hath believed our report? and to whom is the arm of the LORD revealed?
2 For he shall grow up before him as a tender plant, and as a root out of a dry ground: he hath no form nor comeliness; and when we shall see him, there is no beauty that we should desire him.
3 He is despised and rejected of men; a man of sorrows, and acquainted with grief: and we hid as it were our faces from him; he was despised, and we esteemed him not.
4 Surely he hath borne our griefs, and carried our sorrows: yet we did esteem him stricken, smitten of God, and afflicted.
5 But he was wounded for our transgressions, he was bruised for our iniquities: the chastisement of our peace was upon him; and with his stripes we are healed.
6 All we like sheep have gone astray; we have turned every one to his own way; and the LORD hath laid on him the iniquity of us all.
7 He was oppressed, and he was afflicted, yet he opened not his mouth: he is brought as a lamb to the slaughter, and as a sheep before her shearers is dumb, so he openeth not his mouth.
8 He was taken from prison and from judgment: and who shall declare his generation? for he was cut off out of the land of the living: for the transgression of my people was he stricken.
9 And he made his grave with the wicked, and with the rich in his death; because he had done no violence, neither was any deceit in his mouth.
10 Yet it pleased the LORD to bruise him; he hath put him to grief: when thou shalt make his soul an offering for sin, he shall see his seed, he shall prolong his days, and the pleasure of the LORD shall prosper in his hand.
11 He shall see of the travail of his soul, and shall be satisfied: by his knowledge shall my righteous servant justify many; for he shall bear their iniquities.
12 Therefore will I divide him a portion with the great, and he shall divide the spoil with the strong; because he hath poured out his soul unto death: and he was numbered with the transgressors; and he bare the sin of many, and made intercession for the transgressors.
Isaiah was written generations before the Babylonian exile. Isaiah is thought to have died around 680 B.C.
The definition of the Servant in Isaiah 53 is revealed in Ezekiel, over 100 years later during the time of the Exile itself.
Ezekiel 37:21-25
Ezekiel 37:21 And say unto them, Thus saith the Lord G-D; Behold, I will take the children of Israel from among the heathen, whither they be gone, and will gather them on every side, and bring them into their own land:
22 And I will make them one nation in the land upon the mountains of Israel; and one king shall be king to them all: and they shall be no more two nations, neither shall they be divided into two kingdoms any more at all.
23 Neither shall they defile themselves any more with their idols, nor with their detestable things, nor with any of their transgressions: but I will save them out of all their dwelling places, wherein they have sinned, and will cleanse them: so shall they be my people, and I will be their G-D.
24 And David my Servant shall be king over them; and they all shall have one shepherd: they shall also walk in my judgments, and observe my statutes, and do them.
25 And they shall dwell in the land that I have given unto Jacob my servant, wherein your fathers have dwelt; and they shall dwell therein, even they, and their children, and their children's children for ever: and My Servant David shall be their prince for ever.
Luke in chapter 1, identifies through the angel Gabriel, that this Servant David who eternally sits on the throne is: "JESUS. He shall be great, and shall be called the Son of the Highest: and the L-RD G-D shall give unto Him the throne of His father David: And He shall reign over the house of Jacob for ever; and of His kingdom there shall be no end."
Isaiah was not writing his book according to the context of an Assyrian Invasion and other events of his day psychological trauma. Yet, in some ways, when a prophecy becomes too fantastic or too much a revelation confirming Yeshua/Jesus, this is the same old tired tactic of unbelief that is employed to dismiss Christ...keep the prophecy and fulfillment locked within a tight time frame of the past,and take away the miraculousness of the foretelling...but this liberalism and unbelief technique of interpretation is also flawed and full of obvious inconsistencies.
For example: If the term "L'Rabiym" / "for many" of Isaiah 53:11, and "Rabiym" of Isaiah 53:12 is revealed in Daniel 9:27 as Israel and the nations combined (which the singular man-servant David of Ezekiel 37:25 must be the same prince in Daniel 9:24-27, and yet saves in Isaiah 53:11,12) ...then it is imperative that the Biblical context given to us by G-D in Scripture and the Prophets is that Isaiah 53's prophecy, even during the Babylonian exile, concerns a singular Davidic Messiah who also shall be cut off to save and make atonement of the world. This fact is absorbed in the allowance of letting Daniel 9:27 define who the "L'Rabiym" are, and comparing Daniel 9:24,26 with Isaiah 53:8,12 and 52:15.
Since the Servant of Isaiah 53 is defined by and through Daniel and Ezekiel, G-D Himself therefore employs two witnesses to define the linguistic context of Isaiah 53"s "Servant".
A simple examination of the historical context, even in the Babylonian exilic period, shows that Daniel projects this Isaiah 53 Messiah who will atone for the sins of "the many" (Israel and the nations) as being 70 weeks of years further out from his day. Had Daniel meant 70 literal weeks, Daniel would have revealed this Messiah prior to Judah's emancipation in circa 536 B.C., and we would have known his identity in Ezra, Nehemiah, and from that day to this...because that Davidic King and Messiah must conquer death, and have the final right to rule forever (Ezekiel 37:25). That is, there can be no kings as successors after him.
When the Bible tells us: "...they shall smite the Judge of Israel with a rod upon the cheek. [cf. Zech 13:7, Matthew 26:31]
{and}
...he come forth unto me that is to be ruler in Israel; whose goings forth have been from of old, from everlasting. And he shall stand and feed in the strength of the L-RD, in the majesty of the name of the L-RD his G-D; and they shall abide: for now shall he be made great and continually keep growing great unto the ends of the earth." Micah 5:1b, 2b-c, 4 Cf. Zechariah 6:12-13
We see that the L-RD is both King (Psalm 98:6) and Messiah, and is identified for us by His Name Yeshua (I Samuel 2:10b, 2:35, 12:5, 16:6; especially also ever Passover via Psalm 116:13 {the cup of Yeshua/Jesus = the Name of YHVeH}; and Psalm 98:3 with Revelation 1:7, Isaiah 52:10).
In that Day, when every eye shall see Him, He shall reveal the extent of His suffering as testified in Isaiah 53, for:
14 As many were astonied at thee; his visage was so marred more than any man, and his form more than the sons of men:
15 So shall he sprinkle many nations; the kings shall shut their mouths at him: for that which had not been told them shall they see; and that which they had not heard shall they consider. (Isaiah 52:14-15)
We shall see first hand, then, what it means for the L-RD Messhiach (Lamentations 4:20, Genesis 2:7) to truly "bear iniquities" for others (Isaiah 53:4-6,10-12), then.
-----------------------------
(Isaiah 53 Hebrew from The Westminster Leningrad Codex)
ישעה 53
1 מִ֥י הֶאֱמִ֖ין לִשְׁמֻעָתֵ֑נוּ וּזְרֹ֥ועַ יְהוָ֖ה עַל־מִ֥י נִגְלָֽתָה׃
"Who has believed our report, and the Arm of the L-RD to whom is revealed?"
---------
Rashi comments:
Who has believed our report So will the nations say to one another, Were we to hear from others what we see, it would be unbelievable.
The arm of the Lord like this, with greatness and glory, to whom was it revealed until now?
-------------
In the Hebrew, in contrast to Rashi, how will it really be expounded into the English for us?
"Who...{then we read aman in the hiphil perfect}...will be brought about to be made certain, so as to believe."
In other words, "who has repented, or been brought about, so as to believe?"
"...our report." {uses the word shemua / sh'ma, that news which they are supposed to hear - listen intently to - obey}.
"...And the strength or ARM {v'zeroa} of the L-RD,
to whom is... {then we read gala in the niphil perfect}...
is revealed, uncovered, apocalypsed and made visible (so as they also know what they are seeing)...{or in regard to the ears, unstopped, and made audible so as to clearly be able to hear and understand}?
Therefore: in regard to bible study understanding purposes, we read -
"Who is to repent, so as to be brought about and be made certain and believe -- having intently listened to, heard, and obeyed our report?
And to whom is the ARM of the L-RD unveiled,
uncovered,
apocalypsed
and made visible to an understanding eye,
or heard and understood by the unstopped ear?"
(Isaiah 53:1, translation for word study and intent only, mine, using word pictures and reiterations from the Hebrew)
By the same expanded and reiterated analysis, let us continue:
2 וַיַּ֨עַל כַּיֹּונֵ֜ק לְפָנָ֗יו וְכַשֹּׁ֙רֶשׁ֙ מֵאֶ֣רֶץ צִיָּ֔ה לֹא־תֹ֥אַר לֹ֖ו וְלֹ֣א הָדָ֑ר וְנִרְאֵ֥הוּ וְלֹֽא־מַרְאֶ֖ה וְנֶחְמְדֵֽהוּ׃
Isaiah 53:2 "For He comes up as a shoot before Him,
and as a deep root of the depths out of ground, dry.
Not a form to Him,
and not majesty that we should see
notice
look at closely
inspect Him,
and not an appearance that we should desire."
(Isaiah 53:2, translation for word study and intent only, mine, using word pictures and reiterations from the Hebrew)
3 נִבְזֶה֙ וַחֲדַ֣ל אִישִׁ֔ים אִ֥ישׁ מַכְאֹבֹ֖ות וִיד֣וּעַ חֹ֑לִי וּכְמַסְתֵּ֤ר פָּנִים֙ מִמֶּ֔נּוּ נִבְזֶ֖ה וְלֹ֥א חֲשַׁבְנֻֽהוּ׃
Isaiah 53:3 - Despised with contempt as having little worth
and rejected as fat and short-lived,
abandoned of men;
a man of heartbreaking sorrow,
grief,
the pains of affliction;
and known of those being sick,
wounded
or faint.
And loftily hiding against (were the) faces from Him, being despised with contempt as having little worth,
and not did we imagine,
count,
or impute Him as having a value.
(Isaiah 53:3, translation for word study and intent only, mine, using word pictures and reiterations from the Hebrew)
Targum Jonathan Isaiah 53:3
"Then He [My Servant, the Messhiach] will become despised,
and will cut off the glory of all the Kingdoms;
they will be prostrate and mourning,
like a man of pains, and like one destined for sickness;
and as though the Presence of the Shekinah had been withdrawn from us, they will be despised, and esteemed not."
The Targums are those works in which the Hebrew is reverted back to Aramaic. The writers of the Targums have no problems in INSERTING words into the Scripture to explain it after a particular interpretation.
We see this also in texts such as Exodus 1 of its predecessor Targum Onkelos, for example, which will place "and the Egyptians" after the word used for "Egypt".
Because of this, while Targums could be read in synagogue from Babylonia about the 300s onward, it was never accepted as a translation of Holy Scripture, but hovered somewhere as an enlightened work of some sort. Rabbis were sure to make a distinguishing between the Torah, and the Onkelos translation. Torah was definitely Holy...Onkelos (an Aramaic altered version of Torah) was "eh",and "so-so" as it were. And if they viewed Onkelos this way, the same is said for Jonathan on Isaiah 53.
The Babylonian Talmud states:
"Those who devote themselves to reading the Bible exercise a certain virtue, but not very much; those who study the Mishna exercise virtue for which they will receive a reward; those, however, who take upon themselves to study the Gemara [commentary on Mishna compiled in 230 A.D.] exercise the highest virtue." Bava Metsia 33a
Later, there were rabbis looking through the Scriptures looking for "code words", as if to prove Targums went back into antiquity. The Talmud has a couple decisions in which it is claimed that one lone word was used as such by Ezra to reference to a Targum that Ezra personally made in his day. And even if Ezra did, guess what...he never, ever, passed it on. But this is used by example, to help show how the rabbinate began to turn to quackery, because as doctor's of the law, they held their own personal opinions in higher esteem than the Word of G-D...especially Torah, Nevi'im, and Ketuvim.
In the 400s and 500s, there is the first suggestion that maybe...in one verse out of 13 verses, of the whole chapter of Isaiah 53, maybe that verse was referring to Israel and not just Messiah. This was not grasped upon until the time of Rashi, another 600 years later in the 11th Century A.D. Therefore, I ask...why did it take another 600 plus years to develop even the notion of a nation of Israel in that one allusion in passing in one verse of Isaiah 53, unless it was wrong? Today, fearing mass conversions to Jesus, the rabbinate has made the ridiculous claim that "voila", the Servant in Isaiah is almost always suffering Israel, even when Israel is filthy in its sins, it suddenly can now be the perfect sacrifice for itself to purity in contradiction to whatever G-D might say in Isaiah or anywhere else!
In the above example of Targum Jonathan, the rabbis viewed the "they" as those of the "kingdoms". The rabbis of the first millennia appear to have accepted the singular "he" to refer to a "person" or "king messiah" and suffering servant Messiah of HASHEM, NOT a whole nation.
In the Babylonian Talmud: Sanhedrin 98a
R. Hama b. Hanina said: The son of David will not come until even the pettiest kingdom ceases over Israel....
Ze'iri said in R. Hanina's name: The son of David will not come until there are no conceited men in Israel.... Hence ruling out Israel as the innocent suffering Messiah.
R. Simlai said in the name of R. Eleazar, son of R. Simeon: The son of David will not come until all judges and officers are gone from Israel....
Sanhedrin 98b
R. Joseph said: Let him come, and may I be worthy of sitting in the shadow of his ass's saddle.
...Rab said: The world was created only on David's account . Samuel said: On Moses account; R. Johanan said: For the sake of the Messiah. What is his name? — The School of R. Shila said: His name is Shiloh, for it is written, until Shiloh come. The School of R. Yannai said: His name is Yinnon, for it is written, His name shall endure for ever: e'er the sun was, his name is Yinnon.
The School of R. Haninah maintained: His name is Haninah, as it is written, Where I will not give you Haninah. Others say: His name is Menahem the son of Hezekiah, for it is written, Because Menahem ['the comforter'], that would relieve my soul,
is far. The Rabbis said: His name is 'the leper scholar,' as it is written, Surely he hath borne our griefs, and carried our sorrows: yet we did esteem him a leper, smitten of God, and afflicted. (Cf. Isaiah 53:4)
Even the Babylonian Talmud, held in high esteem as virtually complete in discussion and wisdom by the rabinate (though I and most of Christianity do not concur) refutes the "all Israel is Messiah" nonsense to those anti-missionaries who wish to spring this nonsense in refutation of their True King Messiah, Jesus Christ. Notice that only the identity of an "individual" is sought for in Sanhedrin 98a and 98b: an individual of the lineage of David who will come and be revealed to the nation of Israel. Rabbi Joseph meant one person on one animal, and sitting in the shadow of that one special Zechariah 9:9 (cf. Matthew 21:1-11) animal. Hence, any alteration of Isaiah 53 from a King Messiah to an "all Israel" approach is blasphemy on the order of eternal damnation in order to just deny Yeshua as the obvious and true Messhiach.
Isaiah 53 (Hebrew from Westminster Leningrad Codex - public domain)
4 אָכֵ֤ן חֳלָיֵ֙נוּ֙ ה֣וּא נָשָׂ֔א וּמַכְאֹבֵ֖ינוּ סְבָלָ֑ם וַאֲנַ֣חְנוּ חֲשַׁבְנֻ֔הוּ נָג֛וּעַ מֻכֵּ֥ה אֱלֹהִ֖ים וּמְעֻנֶּֽה׃
Isaiah 53:4 Truly indeed our sicknesses and diseases He has lifted up and carried (away), and our mental and physical anguish (He) bore the burdens (for):
yet we did make a judgment so as to imagine and count Him stricken as with a blow by a plague or disease,
slain / killed by G-D,
and so answered.
(Isaiah 53:4, translation for word study and intent only, mine, using word pictures and reiterations from the Hebrew)
5 וְהוּא֙ מְחֹלָ֣ל מִפְּשָׁעֵ֔נוּ מְדֻכָּ֖א מֵעֲוֹנֹתֵ֑ינוּ מוּסַ֤ר שְׁלֹומֵ֙נוּ֙ עָלָ֔יו וּבַחֲבֻרָתֹ֖ו נִרְפָּא־לָֽנוּ׃
Isaiah 53:5 But He was fatally bored through and pierced for our rebellions, revolts and transgressions;
He was crushed emotionally and spiritually, being humbled for our deviations, perversions and guilts:
both the rod of discipline and the oral instruction of
our soundness in mind, body, and spirit / our peace, was upon him;
and with his heaped upon and united blows and stripes we are healed ourselves.
(Isaiah 53:5, translation for word study and intent only, mine, using word pictures and reiterations from the Hebrew)
6 כֻּלָּ֙נוּ֙ כַּצֹּ֣אן תָּעִ֔ינוּ אִ֥ישׁ לְדַרְכֹּ֖ו פָּנִ֑ינוּ וַֽיהוָה֙ הִפְגִּ֣יעַ בֹּ֔ו אֵ֖ת עֲוֹ֥ן כֻּלָּֽנוּ׃
Isaiah 53:6 All we like a flock of sheep and goats go staggering, erring, and wandering astray;
and every one to his own way have we turned the face; and the L-RD hath marked, laid, and killed in Him the deviations, perversions, guilts, the iniquity of us all.
(Isaiah 53:6, translation for word study and intent only, mine, using word pictures and reiterations from the Hebrew)
Compare this to Leviticus 16:21: “Then shall lay Aaron his two hands on the head of the living goat, and shall confess over it ALL THE INIQUITIES of the sons of Israel, and ALL THEIR TRANSGRESSIONS, and ALL THEIR SINS, and shall put them [all their diseases and infirmities] on the head of the goat, and shall send by the hand of a man CHOSEN AS TIMELY AND READY AND MADE AVAILABLE NOW into the wilderness.”
In effect, the iniquities are marked, laid upon, and killed IN the Escapegoat. The Escapegoat itself is innocent of Israel's sins...and yet still dies to successfully atone for Israel.
Jesus, like the Escape Goat, was not only physically bored through by nails and whips, he also suffered all that Isaiah 53 tells us He would. In Jesus alone, we see the fulfillment of Leviticus 16's Escape Goat and Yom Kippur Sacrifice, who bears the iniquities and diseases of not only all Israel, but the whole of humanity...the whole world, once and for ALL eternity.
7 נִגַּ֨שׂ וְה֣וּא נַעֲנֶה֮ וְלֹ֣א יִפְתַּח־פִּיו֒ כַּשֶּׂה֙ לַטֶּ֣בַח יוּבָ֔ל וּכְרָחֵ֕ל לִפְנֵ֥י גֹזְזֶ֖יהָ נֶאֱלָ֑מָה וְלֹ֥א יִפְתַּ֖ח פִּֽיו׃
Isaiah 53:7 He was oppressed (with near to violent rulers who acted upon Him) with demanding and exacting pressure ,
and He was in humility and poverty in (the) affliction,
yet but not at all did He open His mouth:
as a lamb to the slaughtering,
trumpeted like a stream He was led,
and as an ewe before her shearers is silent and binded,
so He opens not his mouth.
(Isaiah 53:7, translation for word study and intent only, mine, using word pictures and reiterations from the Hebrew)
8 מֵעֹ֤צֶר וּמִמִּשְׁפָּט֙ לֻקָּ֔ח וְאֶת־דֹּורֹ֖ו מִ֣י יְשֹׂוחֵ֑חַ כִּ֤י נִגְזַר֙ מֵאֶ֣רֶץ חַיִּ֔ים מִפֶּ֥שַׁע עַמִּ֖י נֶ֥גַע לָֽמֹו׃
Isaiah 53:8
From being pressed upon,
seized,
taken hold of,
restrained,
held back,
and sufferring barren/naked oppression;
and from justice and the court of Law and the one judging [having rulership over the Congregation of Israel in his office] He was taken:
and the circle of His lifetime,
who shall rehearse over the matter,
consider,
muse and speak upon,
and (even) cause-for-complaining about it?
for He was cut off, parted and separated from out of the land of the undead lives living: for the rebellions, revolts and transgressions of my people the physical blow and (even) controversy (like a plague or disease) was to Him.
(Isaiah 53:8, translation for word study and intent only, mine, using word pictures and reiterations from the Hebrew)
9 וַיִּתֵּ֤ן אֶת־רְשָׁעִים֙ קִבְרֹ֔ו וְאֶת־עָשִׁ֖יר בְּמֹתָ֑יו עַ֚ל לֹא־חָמָ֣ס עָשָׂ֔ה וְלֹ֥א מִרְמָ֖ה בְּפִֽיו׃
Isaiah 53:9
And He was perennially rewarded (by) being put and set with the criminally and greedily wicked;
His sepulcher/tomb,
(was associated) with a man made materially rich by deeds and accomplishments,
as one executed or killed (now) in the realm of the dead;
though no wrongful,
corrupt,
oppressive,
or malicious violence He had done;
and neither (was) any falsifying deceit or treachery in His mouth.
(Isaiah 53:9, translation for word study and intent only, mine, using word pictures and reiterations from the Hebrew)
10 וַיהוָ֞ה חָפֵ֤ץ דַּכְּאֹו֙ הֶֽחֱלִ֔י אִם־תָּשִׂ֤ים אָשָׁם֙ נַפְשֹׁ֔ו יִרְאֶ֥ה זֶ֖רַע יַאֲרִ֣יךְ יָמִ֑ים וְחֵ֥פֶץ יְהוָ֖ה בְּיָדֹ֥ו יִצְלָֽח׃
Isaiah 53:10
And the L-RD joyfully delighted taking pleasure in emotionally and spiritually crushing Him;
to make Him physically beaten,
wounded
and mentally anguished with the sickness of grief:
if He shall bring to ruins and devastations
as a pouring falling noise a sin,
tresspass,
guilt offering for the sin of others His soul,
He shall see with the eyes to look on and inspect the action of [His] sowing seed or offspring,
[i.e., He shall behold the Harvest of that which He has sown by pouring out His soul into ruins in atoning for them],
he shall make long his days,
and joyfully delighted taking pleasure the L-RD His Hand shall prosper.
(Isaiah 53:10, translation for word study and intent only, mine, using word pictures and reiterations from the Hebrew)
The Hand of the L-RD, King Messiah, shall be killed, but shall resurrect unto eternal life, see with the eyes and inspect the Harvest of His pouring out His soul unto death, and be joyfully delighted and taking pleasure in His saints, those who will come to believe and trust into Him and what He did just before and at the Cross.
A couple words of interest in this verse:
[dakau] - the crushing in context to Messiah is emotional and spiritual. Cf. Psalm 51:8, verse 10 in the Hebrew.
[H'holi] - Proverbs 23:35, 2 Kings 1:2, 8:29 and 2 Chronicles 18:33, 35:23 - ascribe the condition of physical beating, fall and battle wounds. Jesus was beaten by the open hand, 400-600 blows to the head {the beatings}; beaten by the Cat-and-nine-tails Roman whip {instrument of duplicating battle wounds}; and fell repeatedly on the way to Calvary, so that Simon the Cyrene was kicked about with the knees at the half-way point to help take up Jesus' Cross}. Isaiah 17:11 and Amos 6:6, by example, refer to the non-physical afflictions.
[em-Teshuim] - read as the pluralization of Teshua. A noise in Isaiah 22:2. As Shoa for the root word, pluralized, it means ruins and devastations, including the pourings and fallings of storms in Proverbs 1:27 and Ezekiel 38:9.
[Zera]
Leviticus 19:19 uses “mingled” seed, and Deuteronomy 22:9 “diverse” seed in the KJV translation. In Torah, there is the instruction to not plant fields with two kinds of zera (seed). Jesus addresses this aspect of the prophecy in His parable of the Wheat and the Tares in Matthew 13:24-30 (cf. vv. 1-23 for context).
The wheat is the good zera, and the tares are the bad zera. These both refer to people in the parable.
In the ProtoSemitic (pre-586 B.C. Hebrew inclusive), the word zera is a composite from two words: one means to sow (zr), the other to scatter (drw). The Ugaritic interprets (drw) as that which is dry and exhibits the qualities of that which is dead. Zr appears to exhibit qualities involving moisture and life, or life supporting (or a thought along those lines). Hence, drw is like the tares and even the chaff, and zr is likened to wheat seed that can be planted and "reproduce lives" 30-60-100 fold, perhaps even allegorically, faith.
John the Baptist spoke of stones that could be raised up as zera to Abraham (Matthew 3:9).
Judaism also teaches that those of the Gentiles who convert as Noachides (non-Jewish converts to Judaism) are as “zera” unto Abraham, in the spiritual sense, though not physically until after circumcision, etc.; so that their children (at least) might be grafted in as if physically Jewish. That is, the next generation...the children, not previously Jewish, now can be “by faith” as though the zera of Israel.
"He shall make long his days" Yaarich yamim.
The verb Ya’ARiYK of Isaiah 53:10 is comparable to L’AReK of Psalm 23:6, which means not only of the length of days in this life, but the forever of the world to come (in that verse). By implication, it speaks of the Resurrection, and affirms the prophecies of Ezekiel 37:25 and the proclamation by Gabriel in Luke 1:31-33.
In Psalm 91:16,
"With long life will I satisfy him, and shew him my salvation."
the dwelling of the secret place of the Most High (i.e., Heaven) in verse 1,
"He that dwelleth in the secret place of the most High shall abide under the shadow of the Almighty."
is given an application of being set on high in the world to come, and a length of days comparable to Isaiah 53:10…forever, once beyond the grave. Jesus died and rose again from the dead; hence, He qualifies as fulfilling this requirement of Scripture: be it also inferred or stated elsewhere in the Torah, the Writings, or the Prophets of the Tanakh as well.
11 מֵעֲמַ֤ל נַפְשֹׁו֙ יִרְאֶ֣ה יִשְׂבָּ֔ע בְּדַעְתֹּ֗ו יַצְדִּ֥יק צַדִּ֛יק עַבְדִּ֖י לָֽרַבִּ֑ים וַעֲוֹנֹתָ֖ם ה֥וּא יִסְבֹּֽל׃
"Of the labor, toiling, suffering
of His soul
He seeing shall see
and shall be satisfied in fullness and plenty[as to the satiating of His soul]
by His distinguishing and intimate acquaintant knowledge
shall lawfully justify and righteousify freely
My just - lawful - Righteous Servant
for a great many (for many lengths / long times)
and their deviations, perversions, and guilts
He shall bear the load to transport, carrying (them) away."
(Isaiah 53:11, translation for word study and intent only, mine, using word pictures and reiterations from the Hebrew)
The Temple Sacrifices do not infer "free" sacrifices, and even the poor were required to pay and purchase animals (including birds) and exchange a payment for sacrifice and service by the Kohen.
In contrast, the righteousifying done by the Righteous Servant, the King Messiah, requires such an inclusion of redemption as free righteousifying...without money, without price (e.g., Isaiah 52:3, 55:1) to the one being redeemed...in the translation of the Hebrew words in respective their word pictures.
12 לָכֵ֞ן אֲחַלֶּק־לֹ֣ו בָרַבִּ֗ים וְאֶת־עֲצוּמִים֮ יְחַלֵּ֣ק שָׁלָל֒ תַּ֗חַת אֲשֶׁ֨ר הֶעֱרָ֤ה לַמָּ֙וֶת֙ נַפְשֹׁ֔ו וְאֶת־פֹּשְׁעִ֖ים נִמְנָ֑ה וְהוּא֙ חֵטְא־רַבִּ֣ים נָשָׂ֔א וְלַפֹּשְׁעִ֖ים יַפְגִּֽיעַ׃
“Thus, I will allot, apportion, assign to Him
with the great many [with many lengths / long times] great and mighty (ones);
He shall divide the spoil / plunder / booty
because / in exchange for who
He poured out and made bare to death His soul
and with transgressors, and with those who rebel or revolt,
was counted, numbered, appointed, portioned.
and He, the sin [those who experience the failure to live up to expectations or to respect others, those who miss and fall short of a mark or standard]
of a great many
bore, lifting up, carrying and taking away;
and for the rebellions, transgressions, revolts
made entreaties and intercessions.”
(Isaiah 53:12, translation for word study and intent only, mine, using word pictures and reiterations from the Hebrew)
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